Hemoglobin A

Hemoglobin A (HbA) is the normal predominant form of hemoglobin in adult red blood cells, making up about 95-98% of total hemoglobin. This test quantifies HbA percentage using electrophoresis. Hemoglobin electrophoresis separates different hemoglobin types to screen for disorders like sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and other hemoglobinopathies. Low HbA percentage indicates abnormal hemoglobin variants are present. This test is essential for diagnosing inherited blood disorders, especially in at-risk populations, and is often performed on newborns as part of screening programs.